Nobel Prize Winners of 2018

Frances H. Arnold - Female - 62 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for the directed evolution of enzymes

Affiliation: California Institute of Technology (Caltech) - USA

George P. Smith - Male - 77 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for the phage display of peptides and antibodies

Affiliation: University of Missouri - USA

Sir Gregory P. Winter - Male - 67 years

Birth country: United Kingdom

Motivation: for the phage display of peptides and antibodies

Affiliation: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology - United Kingdom

William D. Nordhaus - Male - 77 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis

Affiliation: Yale University - USA

Paul M. Romer - Male - 63 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for integrating technological innovations into long-run macroeconomic analysis

Affiliation: NYU Stern School of Business - USA

Olga Tokarczuk - Female - 57 years

Birth country: Poland

Motivation: for a narrative imagination that with encyclopedic passion represents the crossing of boundaries as a form of life

James P. Allison - Male - 70 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation

Affiliation: Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy - USA; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center - USA

Tasuku Honjo - Male - 76 years

Birth country: Japan

Motivation: for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation

Affiliation: Kyoto University - Japan

Denis Mukwege - Male - 63 years

Birth country: Democratic Republic of the Congo

Motivation: for their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict

Nadia Murad Basee Taha - Female - 25 years

Birth country: Iraq

Motivation: for their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict

Arthur Ashkin - Male - 96 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems

Affiliation: Bell Laboratories - USA

Gérard Mourou - Male - 74 years

Birth country: France

Motivation: for their method of generating high-intensity, ultra-short optical pulses

Affiliation: École Polytechnique - France; University of Michigan - USA

Donna Strickland - Female - 59 years

Birth country: Canada

Motivation: for their method of generating high-intensity, ultra-short optical pulses

Affiliation: University of Waterloo - Canada