Nobel Prize Winners of 2008

Osamu Shimomura - Male - 80 years

Birth country: Japan

Motivation: for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP

Affiliation: Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) - USA; Boston University Medical School - USA

Martin Chalfie - Male - 61 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP

Affiliation: Columbia University - USA

Roger Y. Tsien - Male - 56 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP

Affiliation: University of California - USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute - USA

Paul Krugman - Male - 55 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for his analysis of trade patterns and location of economic activity

Affiliation: Princeton University - USA

Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio - Male - 68 years

Birth country: France

Motivation: author of new departures, poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy, explorer of a humanity beyond and below the reigning civilization

Harald zur Hausen - Male - 72 years

Birth country: Germany

Motivation: for his discovery of human papilloma viruses causing cervical cancer

Affiliation: German Cancer Research Center - Germany

Françoise Barré-Sinoussi - Female - 61 years

Birth country: France

Motivation: for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus

Affiliation: Regulation of Retroviral Infections Unit, Virology Department, Institut Pasteur - France

Luc Montagnier - Male - 76 years

Birth country: France

Motivation: for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus

Affiliation: World Foundation for AIDS Research and Prevention - France

Martti Ahtisaari - Male - 71 years

Birth country: Finland

Motivation: for his important efforts, on several continents and over more than three decades, to resolve international conflicts

Yoichiro Nambu - Male - 87 years

Birth country: Japan

Motivation: for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics

Affiliation: Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago - USA

Makoto Kobayashi - Male - 64 years

Birth country: Japan

Motivation: for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature

Affiliation: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) - Japan

Toshihide Maskawa - Male - 68 years

Birth country: Japan

Motivation: for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature

Affiliation: Kyoto Sangyo University - Japan; Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics (YITP), Kyoto University - Japan