Nobel Prize Winners of 1998

In 1998, 12 laureates received the Nobel Prize in 6 categories: Chemistry, Economic Sciences, Literature, Medicine, Peace, Physics. Each entry lists the motivation, the laureate's age at the award, birth country, and affiliation.

1998 - Chemistry

Walter Kohn - Male - 75 years

Birth country: Austria

Motivation: for his development of the density-functional theory

Affiliation: University of California - USA

John A. Pople - Male - 72 years

Birth country: United Kingdom

Motivation: for his development of computational methods in quantum chemistry

Affiliation: Northwestern University - USA

1998 - Economic Sciences

Amartya Sen - Male - 64 years

Birth country: India

Motivation: for his contributions to welfare economics

Affiliation: Trinity College - United Kingdom

1998 - Literature

José Saramago - Male - 75 years

Birth country: Portugal

Motivation: who with parables sustained by imagination, compassion and irony continually enables us once again to apprehend an elusory reality

1998 - Medicine

Robert F. Furchgott - Male - 82 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system

Affiliation: SUNY Health Science Center - USA

Louis J. Ignarro - Male - 57 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system

Affiliation: University of California School of Medicine - USA

Ferid Murad - Male - 62 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system

Affiliation: University of Texas Medical School at Houston - USA

1998 - Peace

John Hume - Male - 61 years

Birth country: Northern Ireland

Motivation: for their efforts to find a peaceful solution to the conflict in Northern Ireland

David Trimble - Male - 54 years

Birth country: Northern Ireland

Motivation: for their efforts to find a peaceful solution to the conflict in Northern Ireland

1998 - Physics

Robert B. Laughlin - Male - 47 years

Birth country: USA

Motivation: for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations

Affiliation: Stanford University - USA

Horst L. Störmer - Male - 49 years

Birth country: Germany

Motivation: for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations

Affiliation: Columbia University - USA

Daniel C. Tsui - Male - 59 years

Birth country: China

Motivation: for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations

Affiliation: Princeton University - USA

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